Kickstart and TOS ROM identifier

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Kickstart (256 KB or 512 KB): the exec version and revision from the ROM header, the model it was made for when the dump matches a known one, the exec ID string, and the checksum. A bad checksum (after patching a ROM, say) can be fixed and the corrected ROM downloaded.
Split EPROM dumps: the 32-bit machines (A1200, A3000, A4000) use two 16-bit chips. Choose the second file as well and the halves are interleaved, in whichever order — and byte order — gives a valid ROM.
Byte-swapped dumps from some EPROM programmers are recognised and put right.
Amiga Forever ROMs (files starting AMIROMTYPE1) are encrypted; add the rom.key from your Amiga Forever installation to decrypt them here.
TOS: version, build date, country and video standard from the OS header, the GEMDOS date, and where the ROM loads. EmuTOS is recognised; so is AROS, the open-source Kickstart replacement.

The CRC32, SHA-1 and MD5 are what emulators and ROM managers use to recognise a dump.

How it works

The Kickstart ROM starts with $1111 4EF9 or $1114 4EF9 followed by the reset address; the words at offsets $0C and $0E hold exec’s version and revision (34.5 is Kickstart 1.3, 40.68 the A1200’s 3.1). The checksum is the long 24 bytes from the end, chosen so that adding every 32-bit long of the ROM, with end-around carry, gives $FFFFFFFF.

The TOS OS header (the OSHEADER structure in the Atari Compendium) holds os_version, the build date as BCD $MMDDYYYY, os_conf (bit 0 set for PAL, the country code in bits 1–15) and the GEMDOS-format date.

The list of known Kickstart dumps — version, revision, model, size, CRC32 and SHA-1 — is taken from WinUAE’s ROM table (rommgr.cpp in WinUAE); a dump that isn’t in it but has a known version is flagged as possibly modified or badly read.